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针对稠油开采运输困难的问题，开发同时兼顾乳化降黏率、乳液稳定性以及低动力乳化效果的稠油降黏体系具有重要意义。研究了5种不同表面活性剂与自制的聚丙烯酰胺类水溶性聚合物(AND)复配体系，结果表明两性离子表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱(BS-12)与AND的复配体系的表面活性、润湿性、降黏率、乳化后的乳液稳定性以及低动力乳化能力的综合表现比较好。通过条件优化，确定最适宜复配体系的复配质量比为5∶5,总浓度为0.5%,该体系具有很好的低动力乳化效果。同时研究了复配体系中2种复配组分间的相互作用关系，计算结果表明，在5∶5比例下溶液中两组分的相互排斥强度居中，最利于低动力乳化。另外，该体系在去离子水及模拟地层矿化水中都有良好的低动力乳化能力和降黏效果，与稠油形成的乳液也有良好的稳定性能。此外，研究表明复配体系在一定范围内的低动力乳化效果随水动力直径上升而下降。探究了钙镁离子对复配体系的影响，结果说明镁离子对复配体系低动力乳化效果比钙离子的影响更大，较低浓度的Mg2+增大了胶束间的排斥力和水动力直径，高浓度的Mg2+使溶液的复配作用变得很弱，所以使得复配体系低动力乳化能力下降。
Abstract：Aiming at the difficulties in heavy oil exploitation and transportation, in order to develop a viscous oil viscosity reduction system that simultaneously takes into account the emulsification viscosity reduction rate, emulsion stability and low dynamic emulsification effect, the compounding system of different surfactants and water-soluble polyacrylamide polymers(AND) was studied. The results demonstrate that the compounding system of zwitterionic surfactant dodecyl dimethyl betaine(BS-12) and AND exhibits the optimal comprehensive performance with respect to surface activity, wettability, viscosity reduction rate, emulsion stability subsequent to emulsification, and low dynamic emulsification capacity. The optimal compounding system was determined to have a mass ratio of 5∶5 and a total concentration of 0.5%. This compounding system has a good low-dynamic emulsification effect. Meanwhile, the interaction between the two components in the compounding system was studied. The results indicate that the mutual repulsion strength of the two components in the solution is moderate at a 5∶5 ratio, which is optimal for low dynamic emulsification. In addition, the compounding system has low-dynamic emulsification ability and viscosity reduction effect in deionized water and simulated formation mineralized water, and the emulsion formed with heavy oil also has good stability. Moreover, the study reveals that the low dynamic emulsification effect of the compounding system within a certain range decreases with the increase of hydrodynamic diameter. The influence of calcium and magnesium ions on the compounding system was investigated. The results demonstrated that magnesium ions have a greater impact on the low-dynamic emulsification effect of the compounding system than calcium ions. The repulsive force and hydrodynamic diameter between micelles increase with a lower concentration of Mg2+, while a high concentration of Mg2+ makes the combination effect of the solution very weak, thus reducing the low-dynamic emulsification ability of the compounding system.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13353/j.issn.1004.9533.20240925
中图分类号:TE39
引用信息:
[1]郭瑞哲,马浩,宋赛依,等.聚合物/表面活性剂复配用于稠油低动力乳化[J].化学工业与工程,2026,43(02):110-120.DOI:10.13353/j.issn.1004.9533.20240925.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(22478299)
2026-03-15
2026-03-15