化学工业与工程

有机胺萃取法生产碳酸钾是20世纪70年代发展起来的新工艺路线。与现有生产工艺相比,具有钾利用率高、工艺流程简单、能耗少及成本低等优点。采用低毒的高沸点胺代替低沸点胺,研究了有机胺种类、相比及温度等试验条件对萃取转化率的影响。试验结果表明,以三丁胺为萃取剂,正丁醇为稀释剂,相比在3.0～3.6的条件下,氯化钾的一次转化率较高。萃取了盐酸的有机胺用浓氨水再生,再生后的有机胺可以循环使用。

The new process for potash production by amine extraction was developed abroad in 1970s.Compared with the existing production process,amine extraction process has the advantage of higher use ratio of potassium,simpler process flow,less energy need,and lower cost.Instead of the amines with a low boiling point,the amines with a higher boiling point,and of less poisonous is chosen.The effects of amine kinds,phase ratio,temperature and some other conditions on extraction conversion have also been discussed.The results indicate that,when tri-nbutylamine is used as extraction reagent,n-butanol as diluent,and a phase ratio of 3.0—3.6,a higher first-stage conversion of potassium chloride can be obtained.When the concentrated ammonia is used to renew the amine which has extracted hydrochloric acid,the renewed amine could be used circularly.